Again, hot off the press!

http://www.nutritionandmetabolism.com/content/pdf/1743-7075-3-7.pdf

25 Abstract
26 Background
27 It is speculated that high saturated fat very low carbohydrate diets
(VLCARB) have adverse
28 effects on cardiovascular risk but evidence for this in controlled
studies is lacking. The objective
29 of this study was to compare, under isocaloric conditions, the effects of
a VLCARB to 2 low
30 saturated fat high carbohydrate diets on body composition and
cardiovascular risk.
31
32 Methods
Eighty three subjects, 48±8y, total cholesterol 5.9±1.0mmol/L, BMI
33±3kg/m233 were randomly
34 allocated to one of 3 isocaloric weight loss diets (6MJ) for 8 weeks and
on the same diets in
35 energy balance for 4 weeks: Very Low Fat (VLF) (CHO:Fat:Protein; %SF =
70:10:20; 3%),
36 High Unsaturated Fat (HUF) = (50:30:20; 6%), VLCARB (4:61:35; 20 %)
37
38 Results
Percent fat mass loss was not different between diets VLCARB -4.5±0.5,
VLF-4.0±0.5, HUF 39 -
40 4.4±0.6kg). Lean mass loss was 32-31% on VLCARB and VLF compared to HUF
(21%)
41 (P<0.05). LDL-C increased significantly only on VLCARB by 7% (p<0.001
compared with the
42 other diets) but apoB was unchanged on this diet and HDL-C increased
relative to the other 2
43 diets. Triacylglycerol was lowered by 0.73±0.12mmol/L on VLCARB compared
to -
44 0.15±0.07mmol/L on HUF and -0.06±0.13mmol/L on VLF (P<0.001). Plasma
homocysteine
45 increased 6.6% only on VLCARB (P=0.026). VLCARB lowered fasting insulin
33% compared
46 to a 19% fall on HUF and no change on VLF (P<0.001). The VLCARB meal also
provoked
3
significantly lower post prandial glucose and insulin responses47 than the
VLF and HUF meals. All
48 diets decreased fasting glucose, blood pressure and CRP (P<0.05).
49 Conclusions
50 Isocaloric VLCARB results in similar fat loss than diets low in saturated
fat, but are more
51 effective in improving triacylglycerols, HDL-C, fasting and post prandial
glucose and insulin
52 concentrations. VLCARB may be useful in the management of subjects with
insulin resistance
53 and hypertriacylglycerolemia.
54
55 Keywords: weight loss, very low carbohydrate, cardiovascular, lipids,
isocaloric
56